Servo Motor

Mawu akuti "servo" amachokera ku liwu lachi Greek lotanthauza "kapolo". "Moto wa servo" ungamveke ngati mota yomwe imatsatira lamulo la chizindikiro chowongolera: chizindikiro chowongolera chisanatulutsidwe, rotor imakhala yosasuntha; chizindikiro chowongolera chikatulutsidwa, rotor imayamba kuzungulira nthawi yomweyo; chizindikiro chowongolera chikasowa, rotor imasiya kuzungulira nthawi yomweyo. Servo motor ndi mota yaying'ono yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati actuator muzipangizo zowongolera zokha. Ntchito yake ndikusintha ma signali amagetsi kukhala angular displacement kapena angular velocity ya rotating shaft. Servo motor imadziwikanso kuti actuator motor ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati actuator mu automatic control systems kuti isinthe ma signali amagetsi omwe alandiridwa kukhala angular displacement kapena angular velocity output pa motor shaft.

Ma mota a Servo amagawidwa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu: AC servo ndi DC servo.

Kapangidwe koyambira ka mota ya AC servo ndi kofanana ndi ka mota ya AC induction (mota yopanda mphamvu). Pali ma winding awiri olimbikitsa Wf ndi ma winding olamulira Wc pa stator, omwe amasunthidwa ndi ma angles amagetsi a 90°. Amalumikizidwa ku voltage yokhazikika ya AC. Mwa kusintha voltage ya AC kapena gawo lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Wc, magwiridwe antchito a mota amatha kuwongoleredwa. Ma mota a AC servo ali ndi mawonekedwe okhazikika, owongolera bwino, kuyankha mwachangu, kukhudzidwa kwambiri, komanso zizindikiro zosagwirizana ndi mawonekedwe a makina ndi owongolera (omwe amafunikira zosakwana 10% mpaka 15% ndi zosakwana 15% mpaka 25% motsatana).

Kapangidwe koyambira ka mota ya DC servo ndi kofanana ndi ka mota ya DC. Liwiro la mota n = E / K1j = (Ua - IaRa) / K1j, pomwe E ndi mphamvu ya armature reverse electromotive, K ndi chosasintha, j ndi flux per pole, Ua ndi Ia ndi voltage ya armature ndi current, ndipo Ra ndi kukana kwa armature. Mwa kusintha Ua kapena φ, liwiro la mota ya DC servo likhoza kulamulidwa. Komabe, njira yodziwika bwino ndiyo kuwongolera voltage ya armature. Mu mota ya DC servo ya maginito okhazikika, kuzungulira kwa excitation kumasinthidwa ndi maginito okhazikika, ndipo flux φ ndi yosasintha. Ma mota a DC servo ali ndi makhalidwe abwino olamulira mzere komanso nthawi yofulumira.