Popeza dziko lonse lapansi likufuna kusunga mphamvu ndi kuteteza chilengedwe, mayiko osiyanasiyana ali ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana pakugwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu zamagalimoto amagetsi, koma cholinga chachikulu ndi kusunga mphamvu. Pansipa, tasonkhanitsa miyezo yoyendetsera bwino mphamvu zamagalimoto ku United States, European Union, Canada, ndi Australia m'zaka zaposachedwa, ndipo tikufuna kugawana nanu.
America
Mu 1992, Nyumba Yamalamulo ya ku US idapereka lamulo la EPACT, lomwe lidakhazikitsa miyezo yocheperako yogwiritsira ntchito bwino magalimoto ndipo limafuna kuti magalimoto onse ogwiritsidwa ntchito ku United States akwaniritse miyezo yocheperako yogwiritsira ntchito bwino magalimoto, yomwe ndi miyezo yogwiritsira ntchito bwino ya EPACT, kuyambira pa Okutobala 24, 1997. Miyezo yogwiritsira ntchito bwino yomwe idaperekedwa ndi EPACT inali avareji ya miyezo yogwiritsira ntchito bwino magalimoto yopangidwa ndi opanga magalimoto akuluakulu ku United States panthawiyo. Mu 2001, Alliance for Energy Efficiency (CEE) ndi National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) adapanga mogwirizana muyezo wa magalimoto wogwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri, wodziwika kuti NEMA Premium standard. Zofunikira zoyambira magwiridwe antchito a muyezo uwu zikugwirizana ndi za EPACT, ndipo miyezo yake yogwiritsira ntchito bwino imawonetsa kuchuluka kwapakati kwa magalimoto ogwiritsira ntchito bwino kwambiri omwe alipo pamsika wa US, omwe ndi apamwamba ndi 1 mpaka 3 peresenti kuposa miyezo ya EPACT, ndipo kutayika kumachepetsedwa ndi pafupifupi 20% poyerekeza ndi miyezo ya EPACT. Pakadali pano, muyezo wa NEMA Premium umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati muyezo wofotokozera ndalama zothandizira zomwe makampani opanga magetsi amapereka kuti alimbikitse ogwiritsa ntchito kugula ma mota amphamvu kwambiri. Ma mota a NEMA Premium amalimbikitsidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pamene ntchito ya pachaka imapitilira maola 2,000 ndipo kuchuluka kwa katundu kumapitirira 75%. Pulogalamu ya NEMA Premium yoyambitsidwa ndi NEMA ndi mgwirizano wodzipereka wamakampani. Mamembala a NEMA ayenera kusaina mgwirizanowu ndikukwaniritsa miyezo asanagwiritse ntchito logo ya NEMA Premium. Mayunitsi omwe si mamembala ayenera kulipira ndalama zina kuti agwiritse ntchito logo iyi. Kutsimikiza kwa magwiridwe antchito a magalimoto motsatira EPACT kumachokera pa muyezo wa IEEE112-B wa Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers of the United States.
mgwirizano wamayiko aku Ulaya
Pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1990, bungwe la European Union linayamba kuchita kafukufuku ndi kupanga mfundo zokhudza kusunga mphamvu zamagalimoto. Mu 1999, Dipatimenti Yoyendetsa ndi Mphamvu ya European Commission ndi European Motor and Power Electronics Manufacturers Association (CE-MEP) adagwirizana mwaufulu pa dongosolo logawa magalimoto (lotchedwa mgwirizano wa EU-CEMEP).
Panganoli linagawa kuchuluka kwa magwiridwe antchito a injini, monga:
Eff3 - ma mota otsika mphamvu (Lowefficiency);
Eff2 - ma mota abwino (osakwanira bwino);
Eff1 - ma mota ogwira ntchito bwino kwambiri (Highefficiency).
(Kugawa kwa mphamvu zamagetsi m'dziko lathu kuli kofanana ndi kwa EU.)
Pambuyo pa 2006, kupanga ndi kufalitsa ma mota a eff3-level kunaletsedwa. Panganoli linanenanso kuti opanga ayenera kulemba zizindikiritso za kalasi yogwira ntchito bwino komanso kuchuluka kwa magwiridwe antchito pa dzina la malonda ndi pepala la zitsanzo kuti ogwiritsa ntchito asankhe ndikuzindikira, zomwe zinalinso magawo oyamba ogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu bwino a EU Motor Energy Product Directive. Pangano la EU-CEMEP lidakhazikitsidwa pambuyo poti makampani omwe ali mamembala a CEMEP asayina mwaufulu ndipo adalandila opanga, otumiza kunja ndi ogulitsa omwe alibe umembala kuti achite nawo. Pakadali pano, makampani opanga 36 kuphatikiza Siemens ya Germany, ABB ya Switzerland, BrookCromton ya UK, Leroy-Somer ya France, ndi ena akutenga nawo mbali, zomwe zikuphimba 80% ya kupanga ku Europe. Denmark imapereka chithandizo cha 100 kapena 250 Denmark kroner pa kW kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe amagula ma mota moyenera kuposa muyezo wocheperako. Netherlands imapereka chithandizo chogula komanso zolimbikitsira misonkho. UK imalimbikitsa kusintha kwa msika wa ma mota ogwira ntchito bwino komanso zinthu zina zopulumutsa mphamvu kudzera mu kuchepetsa misonkho yosintha nyengo komanso kukhazikitsa "Pulogalamu Yowonjezera Yothandizira Ndalama". Boma limakonzanso dongosolo losintha msika ndi Dipatimenti Yoona za Zachilengedwe, Chakudya ndi Zakumidzi (DEFRA) kuti liyambe kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosunga mphamvu, kupereka chidziwitso pa zinthuzi, njira zosungira mphamvu ndi njira zopangira, ndi zina zotero pa intaneti.
Canada
Mu 1991, Canadian Standards Association ndi Canadian Electrical Manufacturers Association pamodzi adapanga muyezo wocheperako wogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zamagalimoto. Zizindikiro zogwira ntchito zamagalimoto awa zinali zochepa pang'ono poyerekeza ndi miyezo ya US EPACT. Chifukwa cha kufunika kwa nkhani ya mphamvu, Nyumba Yamalamulo ya Canada idaperekanso Energy Efficiency Act (EEACT) mu 1992, yomwe idaphatikizapo miyezo yocheperako yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zamagalimoto. Zizindikiro zogwira ntchito zamagalimoto awa zinali zofanana ndi za miyezo ya US EPACT, ndipo muyezowu udakhazikitsidwa kuti uyambe kugwira ntchito mwalamulo mu 1997. Muyezo uwu ndi wofunikira malinga ndi lamulo, kotero ma mota amphamvu kwambiri akwezedwa mwachangu.
Wa ku Australia
Pofuna kusunga mphamvu ndikuteteza chilengedwe, boma la Australia lakhazikitsa pulogalamu yofunikira yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu moyenera kapena pulogalamu ya MEPS ya zida zapakhomo ndi zida zamafakitale kuyambira 1999. Pulogalamuyi imayang'aniridwa ndi Ofesi ya Greenhouse Gas ya Boma la Australia mogwirizana ndi Australian Standards Commission. Australia yaphatikiza ma mota mu MEPS. Muyezo wofunikira wa ma mota unavomerezedwa ndipo unayamba kugwira ntchito mu Okutobala 2001, ndipo nambala yokhazikika ndi AS/NZS1359.5. Ma mota opangidwa ndi kutumizidwa ku Australia ndi New Zealand ayenera kukwaniritsa kapena kupitirira zizindikiro zochepa zogwira ntchito zomwe zafotokozedwa mu muyezo uwu. Muyezo uwu ukhoza kuyesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira ziwiri, motero kutchula magulu awiri a zizindikiro: seti imodzi ndi zizindikiro za Njira A, zogwirizana ndi njira ya IEEE112-B ku United States; seti ina ndi zizindikiro za Njira B, zogwirizana ndi IEC34-2, zomwe ziwerengero zake zimafanana ndi za Eff2 ya EU-CEMEP. Muyezo uwu sumangotchula miyezo yofunikira komanso umakhazikitsa zizindikiro zamagalimoto zogwira ntchito bwino kwambiri ngati miyezo yolimbikitsidwa, kulimbikitsa ogwiritsa ntchito kuti azitsatira. Manambalawa ndi ofanana ndi a Eff1 ya EU-CEMEP ndi EPACT ku United States.
Nthawi yotumizira: Januwale-14-2026